Policy of Russification is a strategic initiative aimed at promoting Russian culture and language over local identities. Historically employed by the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union, it sought to integrate diverse ethnic groups into a unified Russian identity. This policy involved the systematic imposition of the Russian language, education system, and cultural norms, often at the expense of indigenous traditions and languages. The policy has had lasting effects on the cultural landscape of affected regions, influencing contemporary geopolitical dynamics and international relations.

The Policy of Russification matters because it has shaped the cultural and political landscapes of numerous regions, influencing current international relations. By prioritising Russian culture, it has often led to the erosion of local identities and tensions between ethnic groups. Understanding this policy is crucial for analysing historical and contemporary geopolitical strategies, as well as for addressing issues of cultural preservation and autonomy in affected areas.

Academic consensus suggests that the Policy of Russification is a classic example of cultural imperialism, where dominant powers impose their culture on subjugated regions. Scholars of international relations argue that such policies can lead to long-term socio-political instability and resistance movements. The policy's historical context provides insights into the complexities of cultural integration and the challenges of maintaining national unity amidst diverse ethnic landscapes.