The Makkah Pact: When Security Meets Connectivity
The Mecca Joint Defence Agreement, signed by Türkiye, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia in Makkah on 7 August, has...
Academic Background
MA
Bogazici University • Political Science and International Relations
Total Contribution: 129
The Mecca Pact: Taking Security into Regional Hands
The agreement signed last week in Mecca by Türkiye, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan, formally known as the Mecca...
Building Interdependence: The New Logic of Türkiye-Iraq Relations
Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaydi’s visit to Ankara strengthened the strategic partnership between Ankara and Baghdad at a...
The Ankara Summit and Europe’s Trump Moment
Twenty-two years have passed since NATO’s 2004 Istanbul Summit. At the time, the Alliance’s agenda reflected the defining...
The Hejaz Railway and the New Silk Route of the Middle East
On June 9, Türkiye’s Transport and Infrastructure Minister Abdulkadir Uraloğlu signed a memorandum of understanding with his Saudi...
The Politics of Language in the US–Israel War on Iran
The US-Israel war on Iran not only severely impacted regional insecurity, geopolitics, diplomacy, energy and trade, but it...
Will the Gulf Move Closer to China?
The Iran war has delivered a profound, systemic shock to the Gulf, fundamentally challenging two assumptions that have...
Weaponising Connectivity: The Iran War and the Rise of Chokepoint Warfare
On the night of 7 April 2026, Iran announced its acceptance of a two-week ceasefire, with negotiations scheduled...
Rerouting Risk: Türkiye and the Future of Gulf Connectivity
As the first month of the Israel-US-Iran conflict draws to a close, the ripple effects are already shaking...
Trading Routes, Treading Lines: India’s Connectivity Gamble
In an era of growing multipolarity, the absence of a single dominant power capable of setting and enforcing...